Mining and production of non-ferrous metals

Cemix products are an indispensable aid in the extraction of non-ferrous metals such as lithium, cobalt, copper, manganese, nickel, uranium, titanium or gold. They are used as sources of alkalis, caustics, binders, flocculants, precipitants and fluxes.

Lime is used in pyrometallurgical refining processes and in the smelting of many types of non-ferrous metals. Lime-based products are also used to treat wastewater and tailings generated during production processes associated with non-ferrous mining and production. They are used during settling, dewatering and filtration and also play an important role in environmental protection.

The production of high-purity manganese can be ensured by recycling tailings located in the Czech Republic. The production of pure electrolytic manganese and manganese sulphate is essential for the production of lithium-ion batteries, alloy steels and aluminium alloys. The production of manganese uses calcium oxide, also known as quicklime or quicklime, as a flux.

In the production of lithium in the form of lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide, lime is used to remove impurities from brine or spodumene ore, which are the source of the metal to be extracted, and also in the conversion of lithium carbonate to lithium hydroxide monohydrate.

The use of lime products is also applied in the case of moisture management of solid mineral products. Mineral concentrates must meet strictly regulated moisture limits for bulk material transport. Low moisture content causes problems related to high dustiness. Moisture is optimised by using calcium oxide, which reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide.

Lime can also be used as a flocculating agent in the thickening and settling of mineral particles to speed dewatering in the tailings disposal process. Lime-based products are also used to reduce odour during the storage, handling and transportation of sulphide-containing mineral concentrates.